Genetic Research
نویسندگان
چکیده
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) was founded 40 years ago to help elucidate the biological underpinnings of alcohol dependence, including the potential contribution of genetic factors. Twin, adoption, and family studies conclusively demonstrated that genetic factors account for 50 to 60 percent of the variance in risk for developing alcoholism. Case-control studies and linkage analyses have helped identify DNA variants that contribute to increased risk, and the NIAAA-sponsored Collaborative Studies on Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) has the expressed goal of identifying contributing genes using state-of-the-art genetic technologies. These efforts have ascertained several genes that may contribute to an increased risk of alcoholism, including certain variants encoding alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and neurotransmitter receptors. Genome-wide association studies allowing the analysis of millions of genetic markers located throughout the genome will enable discovery of further candidate genes. In addition to these human studies, genetic animal models of alcohol's effects and alcohol use have greatly advanced our understanding of the genetic basis of alcoholism, resulting in the identification of quantitative trait loci and allowing for targeted manipulation of candidate genes. Novel research approaches-for example, into epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation-also are under way and undoubtedly will further clarify the genetic basis of alcoholism.
منابع مشابه
Genetic characteristics of different populations of Litopenaeus vannamei in hatchery centers of Bushehr province
The aim of this study was identifying different populations and determining the genetic characteristics of three different sub-adult stocks of Litopenaeus vannamei in hatchery of Iran Shrimp Research Center by microsatellites DNA markers in Bushehr province during from October to November 2019. Up to 50 individuals were sampled per stock, with equal contribution by sex. The tissue preserved in ...
متن کاملResearch of Blind Signals Separation with Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Mutual Information
Blind source separation technique separates mixed signals blindly without any information on the mixing system. In this paper, we have used two evolutionary algorithms, namely, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for blind source separation. In these techniques a novel fitness function that is based on the mutual information and high order statistics is proposed. In order to evalu...
متن کاملPhenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Lori-Bakhtiari Lamb's Weight at Different Ages for Autosomal and Sex-Linked Genetic Effects
The data set used in this study contained 8793 records of lamb's weight (kg) from 320 sires and 2349 dams collected during 1989 to 2014 from the Lori-Bakhtiari flock at Shooli station in Shahrekord, Iran. Non-genetic factors and genetic parameters (partitioned into autosomal, sex-linked and maternal) of lamb's weight at different ages were estimated using without and with sex-linked genetic eff...
متن کاملResearch of Blind Signals Separation with Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Mutual Information
Blind source separation technique separates mixed signals blindly without any information on the mixing system. In this paper, we have used two evolutionary algorithms, namely, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for blind source separation. In these techniques a novel fitness function that is based on the mutual information and high order statistics is proposed. In order to evalu...
متن کاملGap Junction Protein Beta 2 Gene Variants and Non-Syndromic Hearing Impairment among Couples Referred For Prenatal Diagnosis in the Northeast of Iran
Introduction: Hearing impairment is a complex medical disorder whichhas genetic and non-genetic causes. Gap Junction Protein Beta 2 (GJB2) gene variant is a well-known disease-causing gene among patients with hearing impairment. The frequencies of genetic variants in the GJB2 gene are different in each population. This study aimed to discuss the GJB2 gene status in an Iranian population with he...
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عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 33 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2010